Afin de faire état de la terminologie du droit privé québécois, le Centre Paul-André Crépeau de droit privé et comparé a lancé en 1981 le projet des Dictionnaires de droit privé et lexiques bilingues.

En exprimant le droit privé dans les langues anglaise et française, les Dictionnaires de droit privé / Private Law Dictionaries sont des outils de connaissance originaux qui tiennent compte du fait que le droit privé québécois évolue dans un cadre linguistique et juridique unique au monde. Ils constituent les seuls ouvrages de terminologie juridique pouvant prétendre refléter la spécificité bilingue et bijuridique de la culture juridique québécoise, en plus d’être un outil essentiel pour l’ensemble des juristes québécois, pour les traducteurs juridiques, pour les juristes de l’ensemble du Canada intéressés par le droit civil québécois et, enfin, pour les juristes œuvrant en droit comparé.

Cette page vous donne accès, dans leurs versions française et anglaise, aux dictionnaires suivants : le Dictionnaire de droit privé, 2ème (1991), Le Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les obligations (2003), Le dictionnaire de droit privé — Les biens (2012), Le Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les familles, 2èmeéd (2016). Un projet de Dictionnaire de droit privé — Successions est actuellement en cours, et sera progressivement ajouté à la base de données.

Afin de faciliter vos recherches, nous vous invitons à consulter la page de présentation des Dictionnaires, qui expose les principes ayant guidé la présentation des entrées et présente les différents éléments qui forment la structure des articles. La rubrique d’aide pourra également vous être utile afin de découvrir les diverses fonctionnalités du moteur de recherche.

Le Centre Paul-André Crépeau de droit privé et comparé tient à remercier le Ministère de la Justice du Canada et la Chambre des Notaires pour leur appui financier pour la conduite des projets lexicographiques ainsi que l’Association du Barreau Canadien qui contribua à la mise en ligne Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les familles, 2èmeéd (2016).

In 1981, the Paul-André Crépeau Centre of Private and Comparative Law launched its Private Law Dictionaries and Bilingual Lexicons in order to present the terminology of the Quebec private law.

By expressing the private law in the French and English languages, the Private Law Dictionaries/Dictionnaires de droit privé are original tools which take account of the unique linguistic and juridical landscape in which the Quebec private law evolves. These are the only publications of legal terminology which can claim to reflect the bilingual and bijuridical specificity of Quebec’s legal culture. They serve as an essential tool for jurists and translators in Québec, for those across Canada interested in the Québec civil law, as well as for those working in the field of comparative law.

This website gives access, in their French and English versions, to the following dictionaries : the Private Law Dictionary, 2nd ed. (1991), the Private Law Dicitonary–Obligations (2003), the Dictionary of Private Law–Property (2012), the Private Law Dictionary–Family, 2nd ed. (2016). The Private Law Dictionary-Successions is in progress, and will gradually be added to the database.

To facilitate your research, please consult the "Guide to the Use of the Dictionaries", which presents the guiding principles behind the entries and the different components of their structure. The Help Section may also be useful in understanding the search engine’s various functions.

The Paul-André Crépeau Centre for Private and Comparative Law would like to thank the Department of Justice of Canada and the Chambre des Notaires for their financial support of the dictionary projects, as well as The Canadian Bar Association, which will contribute to the online version of the Private Law Dictionary of the Family, 2nd ed. (2016).


Le projet des Dictionnaires en bref

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CIVIL FAULT
(Obl.) Fault1 susceptible of engaging a person’s civil liability. “In considering the scheme of delictual civil liability under general civil law, reference must be made to the traditional rules derived from art. 1053 C.C.L.C. to determine whether the respondents’ acts constitute civil fault resulting in liability for the damage caused” (Rocois Construction Inc. v. Quebec Ready Mix Inc., [1990] 2 S.C.R. 440, p. 460, C.D. Gonthier, J.).  Obs. 1º Civil fault constitutes, along with causality and damage, one of the three traditional requirements to establish civil liability. 2º Civil fault may be said to have both an objective and a subjective dimension. It is subjective in that it depends on the imputability of behaviour to a given individual as well as the circumstances of those persons involved; it is objective in that it reflects conduct measured against that of a reasonable person. 3º The existence of fault depends upon the nature, extent and intensity of the obligation breached. The analysis of fault thus requires the identification of the conduct expected of the debtor in order to fulfil the obligation, as well as the determination of the intensity of the obligation which the debtor is required to meet. This may be either via a contractual obligation established by the parties or via an extracontractual obligation arising "according to the circumstances, usage or law" (art. 1457 C.C.Q.). 4º Civil fault should be distinguished from simple error, though the latter may be relevant to establish the existence of a fault. 5º Civil fault comprises contractual (art. 1458 C.C.Q.) and extracontractual fault (art. 1457 C.C.Q.). 6º A distinction is drawn between civil fault and penal fault. Civil fault is relevant to the determination of civil liability in a dispute between private law actors. Conversely, fault in criminal law is relevant to the determination of the guilt or innocence of a person in connection with criminal proceedings opposing an individual and the State. 7º The codal regime respecting civil fault is set forth at articles 1457 et seq. C.C.Q. in the chapter on civil liability. Syn. fault2. See also  civil liability, contractual fault, delict, delictual fault, duty, error, extracontractual fault, imprudence, imputability1, imputable1, negligence, obligation1, obligation2, obligation of means, obligation of result, obligation of warranty, quasi-delict, quasi-delictual fault, strict liability. Fr. faute2, faute civile+.
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