Afin de faire état de la terminologie du droit privé québécois, le Centre Paul-André Crépeau de droit privé et comparé a lancé en 1981 le projet des Dictionnaires de droit privé et lexiques bilingues.

En exprimant le droit privé dans les langues anglaise et française, les Dictionnaires de droit privé / Private Law Dictionaries sont des outils de connaissance originaux qui tiennent compte du fait que le droit privé québécois évolue dans un cadre linguistique et juridique unique au monde. Ils constituent les seuls ouvrages de terminologie juridique pouvant prétendre refléter la spécificité bilingue et bijuridique de la culture juridique québécoise, en plus d’être un outil essentiel pour l’ensemble des juristes québécois, pour les traducteurs juridiques, pour les juristes de l’ensemble du Canada intéressés par le droit civil québécois et, enfin, pour les juristes œuvrant en droit comparé.

Cette page vous donne accès, dans leurs versions française et anglaise, aux dictionnaires suivants : le Dictionnaire de droit privé, 2ème (1991), Le Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les obligations (2003), Le dictionnaire de droit privé — Les biens (2012), Le Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les familles, 2èmeéd (2016). Un projet de Dictionnaire de droit privé — Successions est actuellement en cours, et sera progressivement ajouté à la base de données.

Afin de faciliter vos recherches, nous vous invitons à consulter la page de présentation des Dictionnaires, qui expose les principes ayant guidé la présentation des entrées et présente les différents éléments qui forment la structure des articles. La rubrique d’aide pourra également vous être utile afin de découvrir les diverses fonctionnalités du moteur de recherche.

Le Centre Paul-André Crépeau de droit privé et comparé tient à remercier le Ministère de la Justice du Canada et la Chambre des Notaires pour leur appui financier pour la conduite des projets lexicographiques ainsi que l’Association du Barreau Canadien qui contribua à la mise en ligne Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les familles, 2èmeéd (2016).

In 1981, the Paul-André Crépeau Centre of Private and Comparative Law launched its Private Law Dictionaries and Bilingual Lexicons in order to present the terminology of the Quebec private law.

By expressing the private law in the French and English languages, the Private Law Dictionaries/Dictionnaires de droit privé are original tools which take account of the unique linguistic and juridical landscape in which the Quebec private law evolves. These are the only publications of legal terminology which can claim to reflect the bilingual and bijuridical specificity of Quebec’s legal culture. They serve as an essential tool for jurists and translators in Québec, for those across Canada interested in the Québec civil law, as well as for those working in the field of comparative law.

This website gives access, in their French and English versions, to the following dictionaries : the Private Law Dictionary, 2nd ed. (1991), the Private Law Dicitonary–Obligations (2003), the Dictionary of Private Law–Property (2012), the Private Law Dictionary–Family, 2nd ed. (2016). The Private Law Dictionary-Successions is in progress, and will gradually be added to the database.

To facilitate your research, please consult the "Guide to the Use of the Dictionaries", which presents the guiding principles behind the entries and the different components of their structure. The Help Section may also be useful in understanding the search engine’s various functions.

The Paul-André Crépeau Centre for Private and Comparative Law would like to thank the Department of Justice of Canada and the Chambre des Notaires for their financial support of the dictionary projects, as well as The Canadian Bar Association, which will contribute to the online version of the Private Law Dictionary of the Family, 2nd ed. (2016).


Le projet des Dictionnaires en bref

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PROPERTY n.
1.  (Prop.) Syn. patrimonial right. “Any right having an economic worth for its titulary is, in the widest sense, property. Such rights may exist either in relation to material things and, in the classification deriving from Roman law, are then known as real rights, or in relation to other persons and then termed personal rights” (Brierley & Macdonald (eds.), Quebec Civil Law, n° 131, p. 161).  Occ. Arts. 899, 1261 C.C.Q.Obs. 1º Many scholars today see the law as concerned not with things, i.e. material objects, as such, but rather with the rights pertaining to them, i.e. real rights, as well as any other asset comprised in the patrimony, such as intellectual and personal rights. Property is viewed, from this perspective, as consisting solely of rights. 2º Property in this sense is viewed as incorporeal, but all incorporeal things are not necessarily property. Some incorporeal things, because they are devoid of pecuniary value, are classified as extrapatrimonial rights, for example, personality rights and certain human rights. 3º Property, as a patrimonial right, may have for object not only a material thing but also an incorporeal thing, for example, the usufruct or hypothec bearing on a claim. Fr. bien1, bien incorporel, chose incorporelle, droit patrimonial+.2.  (Prop.) Material thing susceptible of appropriation. “The sea, the atmosphere, the sun are things that are indispensable to terrestrial life. But they are not property because they cannot be taken over by a private person, a city or a nation” (Planiol & Ripert, Treatise, vol. 1, part 2, n° 2170, p. 280).  Occ. Art. 916 C.C.Q.Obs. 1º Not all material things are property. For example, things common to all, which cannot be appropriated in totality (e.g. the ambient air) are not property. 2º For some scholars, a thing must also have an economic or utilitarian value in order to qualify as property. 3º The term property designates material things over which there exists a right of ownership. This right is often confused with the object itself, because the right is seen to extend absolute dominion over the thing. It also, however, includes material things over which lesser real rights exist, for example, an emphyteusis or a right of use. Syn. corporeal property, material property, thing susceptible of appropriation. See also  patrimonial right, thing1. Fr. bien2+, bien corporel, bien matériel, chose appropriable.
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