Afin de faire état de la terminologie du droit privé québécois, le Centre Paul-André Crépeau de droit privé et comparé a lancé en 1981 le projet des Dictionnaires de droit privé et lexiques bilingues.

En exprimant le droit privé dans les langues anglaise et française, les Dictionnaires de droit privé / Private Law Dictionaries sont des outils de connaissance originaux qui tiennent compte du fait que le droit privé québécois évolue dans un cadre linguistique et juridique unique au monde. Ils constituent les seuls ouvrages de terminologie juridique pouvant prétendre refléter la spécificité bilingue et bijuridique de la culture juridique québécoise, en plus d’être un outil essentiel pour l’ensemble des juristes québécois, pour les traducteurs juridiques, pour les juristes de l’ensemble du Canada intéressés par le droit civil québécois et, enfin, pour les juristes œuvrant en droit comparé.

Cette page vous donne accès, dans leurs versions française et anglaise, aux dictionnaires suivants : le Dictionnaire de droit privé, 2ème (1991), Le Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les obligations (2003), Le dictionnaire de droit privé — Les biens (2012), Le Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les familles, 2èmeéd (2016). Un projet de Dictionnaire de droit privé — Successions est actuellement en cours, et sera progressivement ajouté à la base de données.

Afin de faciliter vos recherches, nous vous invitons à consulter la page de présentation des Dictionnaires, qui expose les principes ayant guidé la présentation des entrées et présente les différents éléments qui forment la structure des articles. La rubrique d’aide pourra également vous être utile afin de découvrir les diverses fonctionnalités du moteur de recherche.

Le Centre Paul-André Crépeau de droit privé et comparé tient à remercier le Ministère de la Justice du Canada et la Chambre des Notaires pour leur appui financier pour la conduite des projets lexicographiques ainsi que l’Association du Barreau Canadien qui contribua à la mise en ligne Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les familles, 2èmeéd (2016).

In 1981, the Paul-André Crépeau Centre of Private and Comparative Law launched its Private Law Dictionaries and Bilingual Lexicons in order to present the terminology of the Quebec private law.

By expressing the private law in the French and English languages, the Private Law Dictionaries/Dictionnaires de droit privé are original tools which take account of the unique linguistic and juridical landscape in which the Quebec private law evolves. These are the only publications of legal terminology which can claim to reflect the bilingual and bijuridical specificity of Quebec’s legal culture. They serve as an essential tool for jurists and translators in Québec, for those across Canada interested in the Québec civil law, as well as for those working in the field of comparative law.

This website gives access, in their French and English versions, to the following dictionaries : the Private Law Dictionary, 2nd ed. (1991), the Private Law Dicitonary–Obligations (2003), the Dictionary of Private Law–Property (2012), the Private Law Dictionary–Family, 2nd ed. (2016). The Private Law Dictionary-Successions is in progress, and will gradually be added to the database.

To facilitate your research, please consult the "Guide to the Use of the Dictionaries", which presents the guiding principles behind the entries and the different components of their structure. The Help Section may also be useful in understanding the search engine’s various functions.

The Paul-André Crépeau Centre for Private and Comparative Law would like to thank the Department of Justice of Canada and the Chambre des Notaires for their financial support of the dictionary projects, as well as The Canadian Bar Association, which will contribute to the online version of the Private Law Dictionary of the Family, 2nd ed. (2016).


Le projet des Dictionnaires en bref

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REAL OBLIGATION
Obligation to which a person is bound only by reason of his or her quality as titulary of a real right. For example, the obligation imposed upon co-owners of a common wall for its maintenance, repair and rebuilding (art. 1006 C.C.Q.); the obligation of the usufructuary to maintain the property in which he or she has a right of enjoyment (art. 1151 C.C.Q.).“The fact remains that, in principle, as Professor Lafond points out, behind any real obligation is a [translation] ‘person who is the debtor of the charge’ and must compensate a neighbour who suffers excessive annoyances. Thus, the remedy under art. 976 C.C.Q. remains first and foremost a claim that a person (and not land) has against another person” (St. Lawrence Cement Inc. v. Barrette, [2008] 3 S.C.R. 392, p. 436, L. LeBel and M. Deschamps, JJ.).  Obs. 1º Real obligations based solely on the law are distinguished from those which are based on a juridical act, in particular a contract. The prevailing view limits real obligations of the latter category to those which have sufficient connection with the exercise of the real right in view of its destination. 2º When there is a transfer of the real right to which a real obligation is attached, the real obligation is also transmitted to the acquirer. 3º The debtor of a real obligation is liable as long as he or she is the titulary of the real right to which the obligation is attached. The debtor may however be freed therefrom for the future, in particular by abandoning the property (e.g. art. 1185 C.C.Q.). 4º The regime for real obligations reflects preoccupations that contributed to the abolition of seigneurial title, since no obligation that resembles a feudal duty can be imposed upon a person (see s. 59, An Act respecting the general abolition of feudal rights and duties, C.S.L.C. 1861, c. 41). 5º Real obligations are traditionally contrasted with personal obligations. Syn. obligation propter rem. See also  charge2. Fr. obligation propter rem, obligation réelle+.
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