Afin de faire état de la terminologie du droit privé québécois, le Centre Paul-André Crépeau de droit privé et comparé a lancé en 1981 le projet des Dictionnaires de droit privé et lexiques bilingues.

En exprimant le droit privé dans les langues anglaise et française, les Dictionnaires de droit privé / Private Law Dictionaries sont des outils de connaissance originaux qui tiennent compte du fait que le droit privé québécois évolue dans un cadre linguistique et juridique unique au monde. Ils constituent les seuls ouvrages de terminologie juridique pouvant prétendre refléter la spécificité bilingue et bijuridique de la culture juridique québécoise, en plus d’être un outil essentiel pour l’ensemble des juristes québécois, pour les traducteurs juridiques, pour les juristes de l’ensemble du Canada intéressés par le droit civil québécois et, enfin, pour les juristes œuvrant en droit comparé.

Cette page vous donne accès, dans leurs versions française et anglaise, aux dictionnaires suivants : le Dictionnaire de droit privé, 2ème (1991), Le Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les obligations (2003), Le dictionnaire de droit privé — Les biens (2012), Le Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les familles, 2èmeéd (2016). Un projet de Dictionnaire de droit privé — Successions est actuellement en cours, et sera progressivement ajouté à la base de données.

Afin de faciliter vos recherches, nous vous invitons à consulter la page de présentation des Dictionnaires, qui expose les principes ayant guidé la présentation des entrées et présente les différents éléments qui forment la structure des articles. La rubrique d’aide pourra également vous être utile afin de découvrir les diverses fonctionnalités du moteur de recherche.

Le Centre Paul-André Crépeau de droit privé et comparé tient à remercier le Ministère de la Justice du Canada et la Chambre des Notaires pour leur appui financier pour la conduite des projets lexicographiques ainsi que l’Association du Barreau Canadien qui contribua à la mise en ligne Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les familles, 2èmeéd (2016).


In 1981, the Paul-André Crépeau Centre of Private and Comparative Law launched its Private Law Dictionaries and Bilingual Lexicons in order to present the terminology of the Quebec private law.

By expressing the private law in the French and English languages, the Private Law Dictionaries/Dictionnaires de droit privé are original tools which take account of the unique linguistic and juridical landscape in which the Quebec private law evolves. These are the only publications of legal terminology which can claim to reflect the bilingual and bijuridical specificity of Quebec’s legal culture. They serve as an essential tool for jurists and translators in Québec, for those across Canada interested in the Québec civil law, as well as for those working in the field of comparative law.

This website gives access, in their French and English versions, to the following dictionaries : the Private Law Dictionary, 2nd ed. (1991), the Private Law Dicitonary–Obligations (2003), the Dictionary of Private Law–Property (2012), the Private Law Dictionary–Family, 2nd ed. (2016). The Private Law Dictionary-Successions is in progress, and will gradually be added to the database.

To facilitate your research, please consult the "Guide to the Use of the Dictionaries", which presents the guiding principles behind the entries and the different components of their structure. The Help Section may also be useful in understanding the search engine’s various functions.

The Paul-André Crépeau Centre for Private and Comparative Law would like to thank the Department of Justice of Canada and the Chambre des Notaires for their financial support of the dictionary projects, as well as The Canadian Bar Association, which will contribute to the online version of the Private Law Dictionary of the Family, 2nd ed. (2016).


Le projet des Dictionnaires en bref




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SERVITUDE n.
1.  Dismemberment bearing upon property belonging to another Occ. Art. 405 C.C.L.C.Obs. This term includes personal servitudes as well as real servitudes, the latter usually being referred to simply as servitudesFr. servitude1.2.  Real right which is a charge upon an immovable, the servient land, in favour of another immovable, the dominant land, belonging to a different ownerFor example, a servitude of right of way, a servitude of view, a servitude of non-construction.The obligation of the proprietor of the servient land is passive, except that by agreement it may partly be active, but only so far as it is accessory to the principal object of the servitude” (Marler, Real Property, n° 314, p. 128)To grant a servitude. Occ. Arts. 997, 1111, 1177, 1184, 1191 C.C.Q.; arts. 545, 549, 553, 559 C.C.L.C.; s. 69, Expropriation Act, R.S.Q. c. E-24.Obs. 1º A servitude is a dismemberment of the right of ownership (art. 1119 C.C.Q.)2º Article 1181 C.C.Q. provides that a servitude is established by contract, by will, by destination of the owner or by the effect of law. A servitude cannot be established by acquisitive prescription3º Under the Civil Code of Lower Canada a distinction was made between natural servitudes, legal servitudes and servitudes by act of man, based on the circumstance of their origin (art. 500 C.C.L.C.). In the Civil Code of Québec, the chapter “On Servitudes” now regulates only servitudes by act of man (arts. 1177 to 1194 C.C.Q.), whereas legal and natural servitudes are henceforth regulated by “Special rules on the ownership of immovables” (arts. 976 to 1008 C.C.Q.)4º The Civil Code of Québec distinguishes servitudes as they are continuous or discontinuous, apparent or unapparent, but does not distinguish between active and passive servitudes, unlike the Civil Code of Lower Canada5º In a broader sense, the term servitude encompasses personal servitudes, as well as real servitudes. A title with respect to servitudes in the Civil Code of Lower Canada was thus entitled “Of Real Servitudes”. This terminology is set aside in the Civil Code of Québec, where the term servitude is exclusively used to refer to real servitudes. This change in terminology involves the abandonment of the term personal servitude. The personal servitudes are now particularly described, as appropriate, by the terms usufruct, right of use, emphyteusis or innominate dismemberment6º The codal regime respecting servitudes is set forth at articles 1177 to 1194 C.C.QSyn. landed servitude, praedial service, praedial servitude, real servitudeSee also  charge3, dismemberment1, dominant land, legal servitude, natural servitude, personal servitude, real obligation, servient land, servitude by act of manFr. service foncier, servitude, servitude foncière, servitude prédiale, servitude réelle.
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