Afin de faire état de la terminologie du droit privé québécois, le Centre Paul-André Crépeau de droit privé et comparé a lancé en 1981 le projet des Dictionnaires de droit privé et lexiques bilingues.

En exprimant le droit privé dans les langues anglaise et française, les Dictionnaires de droit privé / Private Law Dictionaries sont des outils de connaissance originaux qui tiennent compte du fait que le droit privé québécois évolue dans un cadre linguistique et juridique unique au monde. Ils constituent les seuls ouvrages de terminologie juridique pouvant prétendre refléter la spécificité bilingue et bijuridique de la culture juridique québécoise, en plus d’être un outil essentiel pour l’ensemble des juristes québécois, pour les traducteurs juridiques, pour les juristes de l’ensemble du Canada intéressés par le droit civil québécois et, enfin, pour les juristes œuvrant en droit comparé.

Cette page vous donne accès, dans leurs versions française et anglaise, aux dictionnaires suivants : le Dictionnaire de droit privé, 2ème (1991), Le Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les obligations (2003), Le dictionnaire de droit privé — Les biens (2012), Le Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les familles, 2èmeéd (2016). Un projet de Dictionnaire de droit privé — Successions est actuellement en cours, et sera progressivement ajouté à la base de données.

Afin de faciliter vos recherches, nous vous invitons à consulter la page de présentation des Dictionnaires, qui expose les principes ayant guidé la présentation des entrées et présente les différents éléments qui forment la structure des articles. La rubrique d’aide pourra également vous être utile afin de découvrir les diverses fonctionnalités du moteur de recherche.

Le Centre Paul-André Crépeau de droit privé et comparé tient à remercier le Ministère de la Justice du Canada et la Chambre des Notaires pour leur appui financier pour la conduite des projets lexicographiques ainsi que l’Association du Barreau Canadien qui contribua à la mise en ligne Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les familles, 2èmeéd (2016).

In 1981, the Paul-André Crépeau Centre of Private and Comparative Law launched its Private Law Dictionaries and Bilingual Lexicons in order to present the terminology of the Quebec private law.

By expressing the private law in the French and English languages, the Private Law Dictionaries/Dictionnaires de droit privé are original tools which take account of the unique linguistic and juridical landscape in which the Quebec private law evolves. These are the only publications of legal terminology which can claim to reflect the bilingual and bijuridical specificity of Quebec’s legal culture. They serve as an essential tool for jurists and translators in Québec, for those across Canada interested in the Québec civil law, as well as for those working in the field of comparative law.

This website gives access, in their French and English versions, to the following dictionaries : the Private Law Dictionary, 2nd ed. (1991), the Private Law Dicitonary–Obligations (2003), the Dictionary of Private Law–Property (2012), the Private Law Dictionary–Family, 2nd ed. (2016). The Private Law Dictionary-Successions is in progress, and will gradually be added to the database.

To facilitate your research, please consult the "Guide to the Use of the Dictionaries", which presents the guiding principles behind the entries and the different components of their structure. The Help Section may also be useful in understanding the search engine’s various functions.

The Paul-André Crépeau Centre for Private and Comparative Law would like to thank the Department of Justice of Canada and the Chambre des Notaires for their financial support of the dictionary projects, as well as The Canadian Bar Association, which will contribute to the online version of the Private Law Dictionary of the Family, 2nd ed. (2016).


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SUPERFICIES n.
1.  Ownership that bears upon an immovable located either above or below the immovable of another. “Superficies is a complete right of ownership (usus, fructus abusus, accessio) in an immovable located on land that is completely owned by another person: [...] There are many examples of superficies: utility poles, gas lines and wind turbines belonging to utility companies and installed on private land, subway tunnels, and so on” (Brochu, in Elements of Quebec Civil Law, 99, p. 134-135).  Occ. Titles preceding art. 1110 C.C.Q.; arts. 1009, 1011, 1040, 1060, 1082, 1788 C.C.Q.; arts. 441b.1, 441l, 441x.1, 442q C.C.L.C.; art. 696(3) C.C.P.; s. 54.6, An Act respecting the Régie du logement, R.S.Q. c. R-8.1.Obs. 1º Superficies is a special modality of ownership (art. 1009 C.C.Q.); it is not necessarily perpetual (art. 1113 C.C.Q.). 2º Article 1011 C.C.Q. enumerates constructions, works or plantations as different types of immovable open to being the object of a right of superficies. According to some scholars, this list is non-exhaustive. By extension, a right of superficies can also bear on an immovable which is above the soil and not in contact with it (e.g. a cornice) or below the soil (e.g. a tunnel), or the right can even bear on a volume of space which have received cadastral description. 3º The titulary of superficies is termed the superficiary; the immovable upon which his or her right bears, superficies; the owner of the immovable upon which the superficies is situated, the subsoil owner. 4º Under the former law, superficies was referred to as the right of superficies. This right was not generally perceived as a modality of ownership, but rather as a dismemberment of the right of ownership. 5º The codal regime respecting superficies is set forth at articles 1009, 1011 and 1110 to 1118 C.C.Q. Syn. (right of) superficiary ownership. See also  modality of ownership, right of accession, subsoil2, subsoil owner. Fr. droit de propriété superficiaire, propriété superficiaire1+.2.  Immovables subject to the right of ownership of a superficiary.  Obs. Ownership of superficies is contrasted to ownership of the subsoil. See also  subsoil, superficiary. Fr. propriété superficiaire2, superfices, superficie+.
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