Afin de faire état de la terminologie du droit privé québécois, le Centre Paul-André Crépeau de droit privé et comparé a lancé en 1981 le projet des Dictionnaires de droit privé et lexiques bilingues.

En exprimant le droit privé dans les langues anglaise et française, les Dictionnaires de droit privé / Private Law Dictionaries sont des outils de connaissance originaux qui tiennent compte du fait que le droit privé québécois évolue dans un cadre linguistique et juridique unique au monde. Ils constituent les seuls ouvrages de terminologie juridique pouvant prétendre refléter la spécificité bilingue et bijuridique de la culture juridique québécoise, en plus d’être un outil essentiel pour l’ensemble des juristes québécois, pour les traducteurs juridiques, pour les juristes de l’ensemble du Canada intéressés par le droit civil québécois et, enfin, pour les juristes œuvrant en droit comparé.

Cette page vous donne accès, dans leurs versions française et anglaise, aux dictionnaires suivants : le Dictionnaire de droit privé, 2ème (1991), Le Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les obligations (2003), Le dictionnaire de droit privé — Les biens (2012), Le Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les familles, 2èmeéd (2016). Un projet de Dictionnaire de droit privé — Successions est actuellement en cours, et sera progressivement ajouté à la base de données.

Afin de faciliter vos recherches, nous vous invitons à consulter la page de présentation des Dictionnaires, qui expose les principes ayant guidé la présentation des entrées et présente les différents éléments qui forment la structure des articles. La rubrique d’aide pourra également vous être utile afin de découvrir les diverses fonctionnalités du moteur de recherche.

Le Centre Paul-André Crépeau de droit privé et comparé tient à remercier le Ministère de la Justice du Canada et la Chambre des Notaires pour leur appui financier pour la conduite des projets lexicographiques ainsi que l’Association du Barreau Canadien qui contribua à la mise en ligne Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les familles, 2èmeéd (2016).

In 1981, the Paul-André Crépeau Centre of Private and Comparative Law launched its Private Law Dictionaries and Bilingual Lexicons in order to present the terminology of the Quebec private law.

By expressing the private law in the French and English languages, the Private Law Dictionaries/Dictionnaires de droit privé are original tools which take account of the unique linguistic and juridical landscape in which the Quebec private law evolves. These are the only publications of legal terminology which can claim to reflect the bilingual and bijuridical specificity of Quebec’s legal culture. They serve as an essential tool for jurists and translators in Québec, for those across Canada interested in the Québec civil law, as well as for those working in the field of comparative law.

This website gives access, in their French and English versions, to the following dictionaries : the Private Law Dictionary, 2nd ed. (1991), the Private Law Dicitonary–Obligations (2003), the Dictionary of Private Law–Property (2012), the Private Law Dictionary–Family, 2nd ed. (2016). The Private Law Dictionary-Successions is in progress, and will gradually be added to the database.

To facilitate your research, please consult the "Guide to the Use of the Dictionaries", which presents the guiding principles behind the entries and the different components of their structure. The Help Section may also be useful in understanding the search engine’s various functions.

The Paul-André Crépeau Centre for Private and Comparative Law would like to thank the Department of Justice of Canada and the Chambre des Notaires for their financial support of the dictionary projects, as well as The Canadian Bar Association, which will contribute to the online version of the Private Law Dictionary of the Family, 2nd ed. (2016).


Le projet des Dictionnaires en bref

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DEPOSIT n.
1.  (Obl.) Real contract by which a person, the depositor, remits a movable to another, the depositary, who is entrusted with its custody and who must restore it after a certain time. “The object of deposit is to keep the property safe, and this is what distinguishes it from other contracts where property changes hands but ownership does not” (Deschamps, in Reform of the Civil Code, 3, p. 3).  Occ. Arts. 2280, 2298, 2305 C.C.Q.; arts. 1794, 1814, 1818 C.C.L.C.Obs. 1º In addition to the general rules of deposit, the Civil Code of Québec provides special rules for necessary deposit, deposit with an innkeeper and sequestration. Sequestration may, however, apply to immovables and may be established by the court (arts. 2305 et seq. C.C.Q.). Under the Civil Code of Lower Canada, only simple deposit and sequestration were explicitly recognized. 2º Deposit is, in principle, a contract by gratuitous title, although it may be by onerous title where permitted by usage or specified by agreement (art. 2280 C.C.Q.). 3º The depositary must safeguard the property with prudence and diligence. He or she must return the actual property received. Unlike the borrower in a loan for use, the depositary may not use the property without the permission of the depositor (art. 2283 C.C.Q.). 4º A fictitious remittance is sufficient for the formation of the contract of deposit where the depositary already has detention of the property under another title (art. 2281 C.C.Q.). 5º A bank deposit is not technically considered to be a contract of deposit. Instead, it is generally viewed as a contract of loan where the client lends money to the bank. 6º The word deposit is also used to describe the delivery of a document to a public authority so as to ensure its custody or to effect the publication of a right. Deposit can also designate the handing over of a sum of money to a public authority in order for it to be delivered to a third person entitled to it. 7º The codal regime respecting the deposit is set forth at articles 2280 to 2311 C.C.Q. Syn. contract of deposit. See also  custody, deposit with an innkeeper, irregular deposit, necessary deposit, sequestration, simple deposit. Fr. contrat de dépôt, dépôt1+.2.  (Obl.) Sum of money paid in advance in partial payment of the price. For example, the purchaser leaves a deposit and pays the balance at a later date.To leave a deposit. Occ. Arts. 1711, 1904 C.C.Q.; art. 1665.2 C.C.L.C.Obs. 1º Article 1711 C.C.Q. provides that "[a]ny amount paid on the occasion of a promise of sale is presumed to be a deposit on the price [...]". 2º Unlike the giving of earnest, the deposit paid at the time of the formation of the contract does not include the faculty of withdrawal. Syn. payment on account. See also  deposit3, earnest, withdrawal option. Fr. acompte.3.  (Obl.) Deposit6 of a sum of money or of securities by the debtor who wishes to pay but is prevented from doing so. “In the event an obligee has, unequivocally and without apparent justification, refused to accept the performance offered by his obligor, the latter may, thereafter, make a tender followed by a deposit [...]” (Levasseur, Obligations, p. 186). Tender and deposit. Occ. Arts. 1583, 1587 C.C.Q.; arts. 1166, 1167 C.C.L.C.; arts. 189, 191 C.C.P.; s. 8, Deposit Act, R.S.Q. c. D-5.Obs. 1º The debtor may be prevented from effecting payment because of the refusal of the creditor to accept it. This may be due to the creditor’s absence from the place where the debt is payable or other similar reasons (art. 1583 C.C.Q.). 2º When a deposit has been made, the debtor is no longer liable for the payment of interest accruing thereafter (art. 1586 C.C.Q.). 3º The codal regime respecting tender and deposit is set forth at articles 1573 to 1589 C.C.Q. 4º The procedure pertaining to deposit7 is governed by articles 187 to 191 C.C.P. as well as by the Deposit Act, R.S.Q. c. D-5. Syn. consignment. See also  tender. Fr. consignation.
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