Afin de faire état de la terminologie du droit privé québécois, le Centre Paul-André Crépeau de droit privé et comparé a lancé en 1981 le projet des Dictionnaires de droit privé et lexiques bilingues.

En exprimant le droit privé dans les langues anglaise et française, les Dictionnaires de droit privé / Private Law Dictionaries sont des outils de connaissance originaux qui tiennent compte du fait que le droit privé québécois évolue dans un cadre linguistique et juridique unique au monde. Ils constituent les seuls ouvrages de terminologie juridique pouvant prétendre refléter la spécificité bilingue et bijuridique de la culture juridique québécoise, en plus d’être un outil essentiel pour l’ensemble des juristes québécois, pour les traducteurs juridiques, pour les juristes de l’ensemble du Canada intéressés par le droit civil québécois et, enfin, pour les juristes œuvrant en droit comparé.

Cette page vous donne accès, dans leurs versions française et anglaise, aux dictionnaires suivants : le Dictionnaire de droit privé, 2ème (1991), Le Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les obligations (2003), Le dictionnaire de droit privé — Les biens (2012), Le Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les familles, 2èmeéd (2016). Un projet de Dictionnaire de droit privé — Successions est actuellement en cours, et sera progressivement ajouté à la base de données.

Afin de faciliter vos recherches, nous vous invitons à consulter la page de présentation des Dictionnaires, qui expose les principes ayant guidé la présentation des entrées et présente les différents éléments qui forment la structure des articles. La rubrique d’aide pourra également vous être utile afin de découvrir les diverses fonctionnalités du moteur de recherche.

Le Centre Paul-André Crépeau de droit privé et comparé tient à remercier le Ministère de la Justice du Canada et la Chambre des Notaires pour leur appui financier pour la conduite des projets lexicographiques ainsi que l’Association du Barreau Canadien qui contribua à la mise en ligne Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les familles, 2èmeéd (2016).

In 1981, the Paul-André Crépeau Centre of Private and Comparative Law launched its Private Law Dictionaries and Bilingual Lexicons in order to present the terminology of the Quebec private law.

By expressing the private law in the French and English languages, the Private Law Dictionaries/Dictionnaires de droit privé are original tools which take account of the unique linguistic and juridical landscape in which the Quebec private law evolves. These are the only publications of legal terminology which can claim to reflect the bilingual and bijuridical specificity of Quebec’s legal culture. They serve as an essential tool for jurists and translators in Québec, for those across Canada interested in the Québec civil law, as well as for those working in the field of comparative law.

This website gives access, in their French and English versions, to the following dictionaries : the Private Law Dictionary, 2nd ed. (1991), the Private Law Dicitonary–Obligations (2003), the Dictionary of Private Law–Property (2012), the Private Law Dictionary–Family, 2nd ed. (2016). The Private Law Dictionary-Successions is in progress, and will gradually be added to the database.

To facilitate your research, please consult the "Guide to the Use of the Dictionaries", which presents the guiding principles behind the entries and the different components of their structure. The Help Section may also be useful in understanding the search engine’s various functions.

The Paul-André Crépeau Centre for Private and Comparative Law would like to thank the Department of Justice of Canada and the Chambre des Notaires for their financial support of the dictionary projects, as well as The Canadian Bar Association, which will contribute to the online version of the Private Law Dictionary of the Family, 2nd ed. (2016).


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LEGAL OBLIGATION
1.  (Obl.) Syn. extracontractual obligation. “From a legal point of view, as distinct from a religious point of view, it may be asked whether any person has the legal obligation, or even the right, to prevent another person from shortening or terminating his own life” (Hôpital Notre-Dame v. Villemure, [1970] C.A. 538, p. 552, G.R.W. Owen J.).  Obs. The term legal obligation, in this wider sense, designates any obligation not resulting from the will of those who are subject to it. Legal obligations include quasi-contractual, delictual and quasi-delictual obligations, as well as obligations resulting solely from the operation of the law. Art. 1369 in Bill 125 proposes a bipartite division corresponding to that of the French Civil Code which distinguishes between conventional obligations in general and undertakings which are formed without agreement (titles preceding arts 1101 and 1370 C. civ. fr.). See also  legal liability1. Fr. obligation extracontractuelle+, obligation légale1.2.  (Obl.) Extracontractual obligation resulting solely from the operation of the law. For ex., an alimentary obligation, the tutor's obligation to manage the pupil's property (art. 290 C.C.).“[...] the claim is advanced by a wife, who has been deserted by her husband [...] and in support of the claim she sets forth her various requirements to justify the amount asked for. [...] the measure of her needs includes the fulfilment of a moral and legal obligation to take care of her children” (Portelance v. Lorquet, (1928) 30 Q.P.R. 355 (Sup. Ct), p. 356, W.L. Bond J.).  Obs. 1º The term legal obligation, in a narrower sense, designates an obligation which is imposed by the law alone because of a given juridical situation, without the parties having intended to become obligated or without them having carried out an act to which the law attaches the effect of producing obligations (art. 1057 C.C.). In this sense, legal obligations are distinguished from other extracontractual obligations: quasi-contractual, delictual and quasi-delictual. These have as a direct source a personal act to which the law attaches the effect of producing obligations. 2º According to art. 1024 C.C., the law sometimes imposes certain obligations upon parties to a contract; these obligations, which find their source in the law, are nevertheless contractual obligations (See Bank of Montreal v. A.G. Quebec, [1979] 1 S.C.R. 565, p. 572). Ant. quasi-contractual obligation. See also  contractual obligation, legal liability2. Fr. obligation légale2.
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