Afin de faire état de la terminologie du droit privé québécois, le Centre Paul-André Crépeau de droit privé et comparé a lancé en 1981 le projet des Dictionnaires de droit privé et lexiques bilingues.

En exprimant le droit privé dans les langues anglaise et française, les Dictionnaires de droit privé / Private Law Dictionaries sont des outils de connaissance originaux qui tiennent compte du fait que le droit privé québécois évolue dans un cadre linguistique et juridique unique au monde. Ils constituent les seuls ouvrages de terminologie juridique pouvant prétendre refléter la spécificité bilingue et bijuridique de la culture juridique québécoise, en plus d’être un outil essentiel pour l’ensemble des juristes québécois, pour les traducteurs juridiques, pour les juristes de l’ensemble du Canada intéressés par le droit civil québécois et, enfin, pour les juristes œuvrant en droit comparé.

Cette page vous donne accès, dans leurs versions française et anglaise, aux dictionnaires suivants : le Dictionnaire de droit privé, 2ème (1991), Le Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les obligations (2003), Le dictionnaire de droit privé — Les biens (2012), Le Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les familles, 2èmeéd (2016). Un projet de Dictionnaire de droit privé — Successions est actuellement en cours, et sera progressivement ajouté à la base de données.

Afin de faciliter vos recherches, nous vous invitons à consulter la page de présentation des Dictionnaires, qui expose les principes ayant guidé la présentation des entrées et présente les différents éléments qui forment la structure des articles. La rubrique d’aide pourra également vous être utile afin de découvrir les diverses fonctionnalités du moteur de recherche.

Le Centre Paul-André Crépeau de droit privé et comparé tient à remercier le Ministère de la Justice du Canada et la Chambre des Notaires pour leur appui financier pour la conduite des projets lexicographiques ainsi que l’Association du Barreau Canadien qui contribua à la mise en ligne Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les familles, 2èmeéd (2016).

In 1981, the Paul-André Crépeau Centre of Private and Comparative Law launched its Private Law Dictionaries and Bilingual Lexicons in order to present the terminology of the Quebec private law.

By expressing the private law in the French and English languages, the Private Law Dictionaries/Dictionnaires de droit privé are original tools which take account of the unique linguistic and juridical landscape in which the Quebec private law evolves. These are the only publications of legal terminology which can claim to reflect the bilingual and bijuridical specificity of Quebec’s legal culture. They serve as an essential tool for jurists and translators in Québec, for those across Canada interested in the Québec civil law, as well as for those working in the field of comparative law.

This website gives access, in their French and English versions, to the following dictionaries : the Private Law Dictionary, 2nd ed. (1991), the Private Law Dicitonary–Obligations (2003), the Dictionary of Private Law–Property (2012), the Private Law Dictionary–Family, 2nd ed. (2016). The Private Law Dictionary-Successions is in progress, and will gradually be added to the database.

To facilitate your research, please consult the "Guide to the Use of the Dictionaries", which presents the guiding principles behind the entries and the different components of their structure. The Help Section may also be useful in understanding the search engine’s various functions.

The Paul-André Crépeau Centre for Private and Comparative Law would like to thank the Department of Justice of Canada and the Chambre des Notaires for their financial support of the dictionary projects, as well as The Canadian Bar Association, which will contribute to the online version of the Private Law Dictionary of the Family, 2nd ed. (2016).


Le projet des Dictionnaires en bref

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OWNERSHIP
Real right which confers upon its titulary, the owner, the exclusive prerogative to use, enjoy and dispose of his or her property within the limits set by law. “[...] ownership is the most complete of all real rights, it is the sum of all the real rights that may exist in respect to a thing” (Marler, Real Property, n° 63, p. 32).  Occ. Arts. 947, 948, 951 C.C.Q.Obs. 1º Ownership is analysed into three attributes: usus, fructus and abusus. Some scholars add accessio to this trilogy. The usus and fructus may be split-up among different persons, giving to one the usus or fructus, or both, and reserving the abusus to the owner. There is then dismemberment of the right of ownership, as in the case, for example, of usufruct or of emphytheusis (art. 1119 C.C.Q.). 2º Traditionally, ownership is described in terms of its three main characteristics. Ownership is said to be absolute, exclusive and perpetual. 3º Ownership of a thing is acquired by different modes, for example, by contract, succession, occupation, prescription or accession (art. 916 C.C.Q.). 4º In the traditional view, it is thought that the right of ownership can only bear upon material things, even though the term is sometimes used with respect to incorporeal property, for example with respect to a creance, a share or a patent. Due to its new definition of ownership, which now bears upon property, and no longer upon things (art. 947 C.C.Q.), the Civil Code seems to extend ownership to incorporeals, namely rights, leading to a result which would merge the notion of titularity and the notion of ownership. This formulation would accordingly have the effect of recasting the “real” character of the right of ownership. Yet, in the view of some scholars, the shift in terminology may merely be a slip of the pen since the Civil Code of Québec would have explicitly or implicitly retained the materialistic conception of the right of ownership at many other places, notably at articles 913, 914, 921, 953, 2910 and 2972. Syn. full ownership, property3, right of ownership. See also  accessio, attributes of ownership, bare ownership, co-ownership1, dismemberment1, intellectual property right, modality of ownership, sui generis property right, translatory act of ownership. Fr. droit de propriété, pleine propriété, propriété1+.
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