Afin de faire état de la terminologie du droit privé québécois, le Centre Paul-André Crépeau de droit privé et comparé a lancé en 1981 le projet des Dictionnaires de droit privé et lexiques bilingues.

En exprimant le droit privé dans les langues anglaise et française, les Dictionnaires de droit privé / Private Law Dictionaries sont des outils de connaissance originaux qui tiennent compte du fait que le droit privé québécois évolue dans un cadre linguistique et juridique unique au monde. Ils constituent les seuls ouvrages de terminologie juridique pouvant prétendre refléter la spécificité bilingue et bijuridique de la culture juridique québécoise, en plus d’être un outil essentiel pour l’ensemble des juristes québécois, pour les traducteurs juridiques, pour les juristes de l’ensemble du Canada intéressés par le droit civil québécois et, enfin, pour les juristes œuvrant en droit comparé.

Cette page vous donne accès, dans leurs versions française et anglaise, aux dictionnaires suivants : le Dictionnaire de droit privé, 2ème (1991), Le Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les obligations (2003), Le dictionnaire de droit privé — Les biens (2012), Le Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les familles, 2èmeéd (2016). Un projet de Dictionnaire de droit privé — Successions est actuellement en cours, et sera progressivement ajouté à la base de données.

Afin de faciliter vos recherches, nous vous invitons à consulter la page de présentation des Dictionnaires, qui expose les principes ayant guidé la présentation des entrées et présente les différents éléments qui forment la structure des articles. La rubrique d’aide pourra également vous être utile afin de découvrir les diverses fonctionnalités du moteur de recherche.

Le Centre Paul-André Crépeau de droit privé et comparé tient à remercier le Ministère de la Justice du Canada et la Chambre des Notaires pour leur appui financier pour la conduite des projets lexicographiques ainsi que l’Association du Barreau Canadien qui contribua à la mise en ligne Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les familles, 2èmeéd (2016).

In 1981, the Paul-André Crépeau Centre of Private and Comparative Law launched its Private Law Dictionaries and Bilingual Lexicons in order to present the terminology of the Quebec private law.

By expressing the private law in the French and English languages, the Private Law Dictionaries/Dictionnaires de droit privé are original tools which take account of the unique linguistic and juridical landscape in which the Quebec private law evolves. These are the only publications of legal terminology which can claim to reflect the bilingual and bijuridical specificity of Quebec’s legal culture. They serve as an essential tool for jurists and translators in Québec, for those across Canada interested in the Québec civil law, as well as for those working in the field of comparative law.

This website gives access, in their French and English versions, to the following dictionaries : the Private Law Dictionary, 2nd ed. (1991), the Private Law Dicitonary–Obligations (2003), the Dictionary of Private Law–Property (2012), the Private Law Dictionary–Family, 2nd ed. (2016). The Private Law Dictionary-Successions is in progress, and will gradually be added to the database.

To facilitate your research, please consult the "Guide to the Use of the Dictionaries", which presents the guiding principles behind the entries and the different components of their structure. The Help Section may also be useful in understanding the search engine’s various functions.

The Paul-André Crépeau Centre for Private and Comparative Law would like to thank the Department of Justice of Canada and the Chambre des Notaires for their financial support of the dictionary projects, as well as The Canadian Bar Association, which will contribute to the online version of the Private Law Dictionary of the Family, 2nd ed. (2016).


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CO-OWNERSHIP n.
1.  Ownership of the same property held jointly by two or more titularies, each of whom is privately vested with a share of the right.  Occ. Arts. 1009, 1010 C.C.Q.; s. 23, Highway Safety Code, R.S.Q. c. C-24.2; s. 267, Education Act, R.S.Q. c. I-13.3.Obs. 1º Co-ownership is a modality of ownership (art. 1009 C.C.Q.). The legal regime applicable to co-ownership is, however, applied by analogy to other real rights held in common by more than one titular (e.g. co-emphyteusis). 2º Although some scholars consider the term co-ownership to refer primarily to the idea of indivision, co-ownership can be either divided or undivided (art. 1010 C.C.Q.). In divided co-ownership, the object of the right of ownership is physically divided between the co-owners; conversely, in undivided co-ownership, the object of the right of ownership is not physically divided. Instead, the right of ownership itself is divided, and the right of each co-owner consists of an undivided portion of the whole (see art. 1010 C.C.Q.). 3º The codal regime respecting co-ownership is set forth at articles 1012 to 1109 C.C.Q. 4º The prefix co- is borrowed from the Latin cum or co-: together. Syn. joint ownership, right of co-ownership. See also  co-emphyteusis, co-owner1, co-titularity, divided co-ownership, indivision, modality of ownership, share1, undivided co-ownership. Fr. copropriété1+, droit de copropriété.2.  Syn. undivided co-ownership. “It is only when two or more persons own the same thing and, more specifically, the same elements or ingredients of the same thing, that one may properly speak of co-ownership” (Symeonides & Martin, (1993-94) 68 Tul. L. Rev. 69, p. 81).  Occ. Art. 1010 C.C.Q., art. 441b C.C.L.C.Obs. 1º Etymologically, the term co-ownership is understood by many scholars to imply indivision. On this view, the expression undivided co-ownership appears redundant. It should be noted, however, that, in the Civil Code of Québec, the term co-ownership on its own is not used to mean only indivision, but both divided and undivided co-ownership. 2º Given that the general legal regime pertaining to indivision is set forth in the chapter entitled “Undivided co-ownership”, the term co-ownership, as a synonym for undivided co-ownership, is frequently used to describe, by analogy, the general notion of indivision, which applies to all patrimonial rights susceptible of being held in common. Fr. copropriété2, copropriété indivise+, copropriété par indivision, indivision2, propriété indivise.3.  Syn. divided co-ownership.  Fr. copropriété3, copropriété divise+.
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