Afin de faire état de la terminologie du droit privé québécois, le Centre Paul-André Crépeau de droit privé et comparé a lancé en 1981 le projet des Dictionnaires de droit privé et lexiques bilingues.

En exprimant le droit privé dans les langues anglaise et française, les Dictionnaires de droit privé / Private Law Dictionaries sont des outils de connaissance originaux qui tiennent compte du fait que le droit privé québécois évolue dans un cadre linguistique et juridique unique au monde. Ils constituent les seuls ouvrages de terminologie juridique pouvant prétendre refléter la spécificité bilingue et bijuridique de la culture juridique québécoise, en plus d’être un outil essentiel pour l’ensemble des juristes québécois, pour les traducteurs juridiques, pour les juristes de l’ensemble du Canada intéressés par le droit civil québécois et, enfin, pour les juristes œuvrant en droit comparé.

Cette page vous donne accès, dans leurs versions française et anglaise, aux dictionnaires suivants : le Dictionnaire de droit privé, 2ème (1991), Le Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les obligations (2003), Le dictionnaire de droit privé — Les biens (2012), Le Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les familles, 2èmeéd (2016). Un projet de Dictionnaire de droit privé — Successions est actuellement en cours, et sera progressivement ajouté à la base de données.

Afin de faciliter vos recherches, nous vous invitons à consulter la page de présentation des Dictionnaires, qui expose les principes ayant guidé la présentation des entrées et présente les différents éléments qui forment la structure des articles. La rubrique d’aide pourra également vous être utile afin de découvrir les diverses fonctionnalités du moteur de recherche.

Le Centre Paul-André Crépeau de droit privé et comparé tient à remercier le Ministère de la Justice du Canada et la Chambre des Notaires pour leur appui financier pour la conduite des projets lexicographiques ainsi que l’Association du Barreau Canadien qui contribua à la mise en ligne Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les familles, 2èmeéd (2016).

In 1981, the Paul-André Crépeau Centre of Private and Comparative Law launched its Private Law Dictionaries and Bilingual Lexicons in order to present the terminology of the Quebec private law.

By expressing the private law in the French and English languages, the Private Law Dictionaries/Dictionnaires de droit privé are original tools which take account of the unique linguistic and juridical landscape in which the Quebec private law evolves. These are the only publications of legal terminology which can claim to reflect the bilingual and bijuridical specificity of Quebec’s legal culture. They serve as an essential tool for jurists and translators in Québec, for those across Canada interested in the Québec civil law, as well as for those working in the field of comparative law.

This website gives access, in their French and English versions, to the following dictionaries : the Private Law Dictionary, 2nd ed. (1991), the Private Law Dicitonary–Obligations (2003), the Dictionary of Private Law–Property (2012), the Private Law Dictionary–Family, 2nd ed. (2016). The Private Law Dictionary-Successions is in progress, and will gradually be added to the database.

To facilitate your research, please consult the "Guide to the Use of the Dictionaries", which presents the guiding principles behind the entries and the different components of their structure. The Help Section may also be useful in understanding the search engine’s various functions.

The Paul-André Crépeau Centre for Private and Comparative Law would like to thank the Department of Justice of Canada and the Chambre des Notaires for their financial support of the dictionary projects, as well as The Canadian Bar Association, which will contribute to the online version of the Private Law Dictionary of the Family, 2nd ed. (2016).


Le projet des Dictionnaires en bref

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DETENTION n.
1.  Effective control of a thing.  Occ. Art. 2306 C.C.Q.; art. 2192 C.C.L.C.Obs. 1º In order to constitute detention, actual control of a thing may manifest itself through various material forms such as physical prehension, acts of conservation or transformation, or even acts of enjoyment (e.g. to collect rents). According to some scholars, control of a thing may even manifest itself through acts of a purely juridical nature (e.g. to contract an insurance policy with respect to the thing). 2º The notion of detention is deployed in order to determine whether a given situation amounts to possession. 3º Taken together, the various manifestations of detention constitute the material element (corpus) of possession, when accompanied by the intentional element of possession (animus). 4º In the absence of an intention, on the part of the person exercising the detention, to act as titulary of the real right in a thing, detention is thus characterized as precarious or simple. Syn. actual possession, physical possession, possession2. See also  corpus, titularity, tradition. Fr. détention1+, possession2, possession actuelle2, possession effective, possession matérielle, possession réelle.2.  Effective control of a thing where the holder acknowledges the superior right of another in the thing held. For example, the usufructuary and the lessee exercise detention in their relationship with the owner.“Detention of itself produces no legal effects [...] If in certain cases [the holder] has a right to retain a thing and to refuse its restitution until he has been paid, as in pledge or when an artisan has made repairs to it, his right is derived not from his detention, but from the debt to which the right of retention is attached” (Marler, Real Property, n° 41, pp. 19-20).  Occ. Arts. 921, 2913 C.C.Q.Obs. 1º Detention is based upon a title established by juridical act (e.g. a lease, a will) or by effect of law (e.g. tutorship to the property of minors). 2º Given that detention entails an obligation to surrender the thing once the title on which it is based ceases to have effect, it is often characterized as precarious. 3º Unlike possession, detention does not give rise to either a presumption of title nor to acquisitive prescription. 4º The key to the distinction between detention and possession lies in the fact that in the former case the holder is without an animus to have the right that is superior to his or her right. Syn. de facto possession, mere detention, natural possession, precarious detention, precarious possession, simple detention. See also  administrator of the property of others, animus, corpus, interversion of title, possession1, precarity. Fr. détention2+, détention précaire, possession de fait, possession naturelle, possession précaire, simple détention.
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