Afin de faire état de la terminologie du droit privé québécois, le Centre Paul-André Crépeau de droit privé et comparé a lancé en 1981 le projet des Dictionnaires de droit privé et lexiques bilingues.

En exprimant le droit privé dans les langues anglaise et française, les Dictionnaires de droit privé / Private Law Dictionaries sont des outils de connaissance originaux qui tiennent compte du fait que le droit privé québécois évolue dans un cadre linguistique et juridique unique au monde. Ils constituent les seuls ouvrages de terminologie juridique pouvant prétendre refléter la spécificité bilingue et bijuridique de la culture juridique québécoise, en plus d’être un outil essentiel pour l’ensemble des juristes québécois, pour les traducteurs juridiques, pour les juristes de l’ensemble du Canada intéressés par le droit civil québécois et, enfin, pour les juristes œuvrant en droit comparé.

Cette page vous donne accès, dans leurs versions française et anglaise, aux dictionnaires suivants : le Dictionnaire de droit privé, 2^ème (1991), Le Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les obligations (2003), Le dictionnaire de droit privé — Les biens (2012), Le Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les familles, 2^èmeéd (2016). Un projet de Dictionnaire de droit privé — Successions est actuellement en cours, et sera progressivement ajouté à la base de données.

Afin de faciliter vos recherches, nous vous invitons à consulter la page de présentation des Dictionnaires, qui expose les principes ayant guidé la présentation des entrées et présente les différents éléments qui forment la structure des articles. La rubrique d’aide pourra également vous être utile afin de découvrir les diverses fonctionnalités du moteur de recherche.

Le Centre Paul-André Crépeau de droit privé et comparé tient à remercier le Ministère de la Justice du Canada et la Chambre des Notaires pour leur appui financier pour la conduite des projets lexicographiques ainsi que l’Association du Barreau Canadien qui contribua à la mise en ligne Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les familles, 2^èmeéd (2016).

In 1981, the Paul-André Crépeau Centre of Private and Comparative Law launched its Private Law Dictionaries and Bilingual Lexicons in order to present the terminology of the Quebec private law.

By expressing the private law in the French and English languages, the Private Law Dictionaries/Dictionnaires de droit privé are original tools which take account of the unique linguistic and juridical landscape in which the Quebec private law evolves. These are the only publications of legal terminology which can claim to reflect the bilingual and bijuridical specificity of Quebec’s legal culture. They serve as an essential tool for jurists and translators in Québec, for those across Canada interested in the Québec civil law, as well as for those working in the field of comparative law.

This website gives access, in their French and English versions, to the following dictionaries : the Private Law Dictionary, 2^nd ed. (1991), the Private Law Dicitonary–Obligations (2003), the Dictionary of Private Law–Property (2012), the Private Law Dictionary–Family, 2^nd ed. (2016). The Private Law Dictionary-Successions is in progress, and will gradually be added to the database.

To facilitate your research, please consult the "Guide to the Use of the Dictionaries", which presents the guiding principles behind the entries and the different components of their structure. The Help Section may also be useful in understanding the search engine’s various functions.

The Paul-André Crépeau Centre for Private and Comparative Law would like to thank the Department of Justice of Canada and the Chambre des Notaires for their financial support of the dictionary projects, as well as The Canadian Bar Association, which will contribute to the online version of the Private Law Dictionary of the Family, 2^nd ed. (2016).

Le projet des Dictionnaires en bref

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A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

CIVIL LAW

1. Law¹ whose origin and inspiration are largely drawn from Roman law. For example, The Civil law of France, of Quebec, of Louisiana and of countries of South America.“The Civil Law is not simply a collection of rules drawn from Roman, ecclesiastical or customary law, and handed down to us in a solidified form. The Civil Law, as it was so aptly described by Professor René David [...] consists essentially of a 'style’: it is a particular mode of conception, expression and application of the law, and transcends legislative policies that change with the times in the various periods of the history of a people” (Crépeau, in Draft, vol. I, xxiii, pp. xxvii-xxviii). Obs. 1º Civil law has spread widely throughout the world, albeit in differing configurations, and is at present one of the most prevalent legal traditions (along with the Common law). 2º Quebec private law is regulated by the Civil law, whereas English law has served, since the 18th century, as the basis of its public law. Elsewhere in Canada, English law has been received and constitutes the fundamental law in all matters. 3º The Civil law constitutes the general law in matters relating to property and civil rights in Quebec. The fundamental rules that make up Civil law are set forth principally in the Civil Code, as mentioned in the Preliminary Provision of the Code. 4º The coming into force of the Civil Code of Québec in 1994 was perceived to have rendered necessary an effort to harmonize federal legislation and the Civil law, given that the Code is also the expression of the general law in private law of federal origin when it is applied in Quebec (Civil Law Harmonization Act, S.C. 2001, c. 4). A similar effort was undertaken in Quebec law to harmonize public statutes with the Civil Code of Québec, at the conceptual, terminological and technical levels alike (An Act to harmonize public statutes with the Civil Code, S.Q. 1999, c. 40). See also common law², general law, legal order. Fr. droit civil¹.2. Syn. private law. Occ. Art. 356 C.C.L.C.Obs. Used in this sense, the term civil law refers to private law without reference to the civil law tradition. In order to mark the contrast, some scholars capitalize Civil law when referring to the Romanist legal tradition. Fr. droit civil², droit privé¹+.3. Branch of private law which covers those rules that apply to relationships civil as opposed to commercial in nature and to civil procedure insofar as the latter is connected to private law. Obs. 1º Used in this sense, civil law includes, in addition to rules of the general law, those rules in ordinary legislation that are civil in character. In federal legislation, for example, the Divorce Act (R.S.C. 1985, c. 3 (2^nd Supp.)) falls into this category and, in provincial law, certain portions of the Consumer Protection Act (R.S.Q. c. P-40.1). 2º Scholars have criticized the traditional division between civil law and commercial law, in particular because the basic legal regimes associated with each of these sectors now appear to run together in many circumstances (art. 1377 C.C.Q.). See also private law. Fr. droit civil³.

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