Afin de faire état de la terminologie du droit privé québécois, le Centre Paul-André Crépeau de droit privé et comparé a lancé en 1981 le projet des Dictionnaires de droit privé et lexiques bilingues.

En exprimant le droit privé dans les langues anglaise et française, les Dictionnaires de droit privé / Private Law Dictionaries sont des outils de connaissance originaux qui tiennent compte du fait que le droit privé québécois évolue dans un cadre linguistique et juridique unique au monde. Ils constituent les seuls ouvrages de terminologie juridique pouvant prétendre refléter la spécificité bilingue et bijuridique de la culture juridique québécoise, en plus d’être un outil essentiel pour l’ensemble des juristes québécois, pour les traducteurs juridiques, pour les juristes de l’ensemble du Canada intéressés par le droit civil québécois et, enfin, pour les juristes œuvrant en droit comparé.

Cette page vous donne accès, dans leurs versions française et anglaise, aux dictionnaires suivants : le Dictionnaire de droit privé, 2^ème (1991), Le Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les obligations (2003), Le dictionnaire de droit privé — Les biens (2012), Le Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les familles, 2^èmeéd (2016). Un projet de Dictionnaire de droit privé — Successions est actuellement en cours, et sera progressivement ajouté à la base de données.

Afin de faciliter vos recherches, nous vous invitons à consulter la page de présentation des Dictionnaires, qui expose les principes ayant guidé la présentation des entrées et présente les différents éléments qui forment la structure des articles. La rubrique d’aide pourra également vous être utile afin de découvrir les diverses fonctionnalités du moteur de recherche.

Le Centre Paul-André Crépeau de droit privé et comparé tient à remercier le Ministère de la Justice du Canada et la Chambre des Notaires pour leur appui financier pour la conduite des projets lexicographiques ainsi que l’Association du Barreau Canadien qui contribua à la mise en ligne Dictionnaire de droit privé — Les familles, 2^èmeéd (2016).

In 1981, the Paul-André Crépeau Centre of Private and Comparative Law launched its Private Law Dictionaries and Bilingual Lexicons in order to present the terminology of the Quebec private law.

By expressing the private law in the French and English languages, the Private Law Dictionaries/Dictionnaires de droit privé are original tools which take account of the unique linguistic and juridical landscape in which the Quebec private law evolves. These are the only publications of legal terminology which can claim to reflect the bilingual and bijuridical specificity of Quebec’s legal culture. They serve as an essential tool for jurists and translators in Québec, for those across Canada interested in the Québec civil law, as well as for those working in the field of comparative law.

This website gives access, in their French and English versions, to the following dictionaries : the Private Law Dictionary, 2^nd ed. (1991), the Private Law Dicitonary–Obligations (2003), the Dictionary of Private Law–Property (2012), the Private Law Dictionary–Family, 2^nd ed. (2016). The Private Law Dictionary-Successions is in progress, and will gradually be added to the database.

To facilitate your research, please consult the "Guide to the Use of the Dictionaries", which presents the guiding principles behind the entries and the different components of their structure. The Help Section may also be useful in understanding the search engine’s various functions.

The Paul-André Crépeau Centre for Private and Comparative Law would like to thank the Department of Justice of Canada and the Chambre des Notaires for their financial support of the dictionary projects, as well as The Canadian Bar Association, which will contribute to the online version of the Private Law Dictionary of the Family, 2^nd ed. (2016).

Le projet des Dictionnaires en bref

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UNDIVIDED CO-OWNERSHIP

Co-ownership of property which, not being itself materially divided, belongs to each co- owner as an abstract share. “Undivided co- ownership is a special mode of ownership that arises by operation of law or the will of the parties” (Coopérants, Mutual Life Insurance Society (Liquidator of) v. Dubois, [1996] 1 S.C.R. 900, p. 910, C.D. Gonthier, J.). Occ. Arts. 460, 1031 C.C.Q.Obs. 1º Undivided co-ownership is a form of indivision. It can be defined as the indivision of the right of ownership. Unlike divided co-ownership, the object upon which a right of ownership bears is not materially divided among co-owners. It is the right of ownership itself that is divided, such that the share of each co-owner consists of an undivided portion of the whole property. 2º Each co-owner may freely dispose of his or her share, having, with respect to such share, the rights and obligations of an exclusive owner (art. 1015 C.C.Q.). However, important decisions concerning the undivided property, such as acts of alienation or those that have the effect of changing its destination, require the unanimous approval of the co-owners (art. 1026 C.C.Q.). 3º Undivided co-ownership may arise from contract, succession, from judgment or by operation of law (art. 1012 C.C.Q.). 4º Undivided co-ownership is said to be ordinary or forced. 5º Since the regime of general law pertaining to indivision is set forth in the chapter of the Code entitled “Undivided co-ownership”, the expression undivided co-ownership is also used, by analogy, to describe the general notion of indivision, which emcompasses all patrimonial rights susceptible of being held in common (e.g. arts. 460, 487 C.C.Q.). Likewise, rules relating to undivided co-ownership can be applied mutatis mutandis to incorporeal property held in indivision (e.g. the case of intellectual property). 6º According to some scholars, the term co-ownership etymologically transposes the idea of indivision. Thus, at the outset, the expression undivided co-ownership may appear to be redundant. However, given that co-ownership is now characterized as divided or undivided, the Civil Code of Québec does not use the term co-ownership in the narrow sense of undivided co-ownership. Syn. co-ownership², indivision², ownership in indivision, undivided ownership. See also divided co-ownership, forced co-ownership, indivision¹, mitoyenneté, ordinary co-ownership, share¹. Fr. copropriété², copropriété indivise+, copropriété par indivision, indivision², propriété indivise.

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